At one time, most medium- to large-sized branch libraries had one staff member responsible for adult programming and another for children. But changes in focus and staffing in public libraries over the past decade have had a negative impact on programming for adults. Now, although there are still children’s programmers in each building, there may be only one systemwide adult programmer. Often this has the effect of reducing the originality and number of programs offered. The focus of programming has also shifted to attract mass audiences, and as a result, libraries have jettisoned programs that deal with serious societal issues or that are “PBS-oriented.” At one time, libraryland hosted a wealth of experienced staff with “programming memory.” But with retirements and institutional priority shifts, much of this expertise has evaporated. Today’s staff wear too many hats to devote much time to programming. As a result, newer librarians show a reluctance, even a fear, of programming. Although nothing can guarantee success (short of a megacelebrity in attendance), specific guidelines can increase quality programming. I write from the perspective of the public library, but programmers in any situation, from community groups to discussion groups, can benefit from the following suggestions.
• General advice. Start simply at first. If you are new to programming or if your library system is returning to programs after a long absence, you should try a single, focused program rather than an ambitious series. Although a series is sexier and easier to publicize, you may find yourself rethinking strategies mid-project — and this can be stressful. At the start, test out your abilities and your audience on a single program. You always learn unexpected things when you interact with the public!
Program ideas can spring from several sources: the programmer, the needs of the public or the library administration. Whatever the impetus, the key to successful programming is planning. Planning enables you to identify potential roadblocks and advantages. The main elements that I consider in planning are: goal of the program, content, logistics, publicity, tie-ins, funding and evaluation.
• Goal. Why are you having this program? Identifying the goal affects the way you tackle and evaluate the program (and, in turn, how you are evaluated by your audience). For example, if you need to demonstrate that you can reach large numbers of your patrons, you should plan a popular program rather than a narrowly focused and controversial one.
• Content. Once you define your goal, shape the program to achieve it. You have the choice of a simple screening or an elaborate one. In either case, try to share the load. If you plan well but don’t feel comfortable in front of audiences, find a speaker, facilitator or panel to take the focus away from you. If you are good with details but shaky on program shaping, ask for help from individuals or groups who know about your subject, and engage a panel that will be involved from the start.
You can find speakers or potential panelists through local universities and community colleges, community groups or churches and national organizations, such as the ACLU and NAACP. Check with your state or local government. In Florida, for example, the Florida Endowment for the Humanities has a list of speakers who do not charge fees. Some groups may provide grants for speakers who participate in community-oriented programs. Check your local newspaper. Experts cited in recent articles related to your topic may be willing to participate in your program. Sometimes a reporter will agree to moderate a discussion on the topic. Remember to aim for balance. If your topic is controversial, offer space to reasonable objectors. You don’t have to give a microphone to every oddball in your county, but try for a reasonable spectrum of opinion. You will, of course, take guidance from your institution.